Ornamentation



May 16', 1933. t A. B. PcsczHE; 1,909,631

ORNAMENTATION Filed Deo. '7, 1931 k PHP5/T imm/Mmm sa/fwd SHEET K W/ A 725,555 55D INVNTOR ATTORNEY Patented May 16, 1933 ALFRED B. rsCHEL, or BROOKLYN, NEW Yoan onmizibumrarron Application led. Decemberl 7, 1931. Serial No. 57i-3,361.

rlhis invention relates to the decoration or other marking of a desired base material, by heat and pressure transfer, that is, vby employing heat and pressure to 'transfer to said base material decorative or other matter reviously printed in a'pigmented ink or inks upona temporary paper carrier, with such ink ,dried preparatory to the transfer step. in ordinary transfer work of this kind, the use of such a printed and dried transfer sheet has necessitated the expenditure of costly time and labor for the moistening and removing of the paper carrier; after the printed l face of the latter has been laid down against p i5 the surface of the base material to be decorated, and after the thus stacked elements have been subjected to heat and prebssure to f eifect the transfer. 1

One of the principal objects of the present invention is to provide a new and valuable fmethod of fabricating `a transfer' sheet printd with pigmented inks and of effecting a transfer of such printed matter to a selected base. material, whereby after the heat and pressure transferthe paper carrier may be stripped off immediately and without preliminary wetting. f Another important object of the present invention is to providef a method of the kind just indicated, whi'ein thepaper carrier may'- act not only as the usual temporary carrier of the printed, matter but. also as the direct support therefor; whereby there is provided Vas a new article of manufacture, a transfer sheet comprising merelya paper carrier, and

matter printed directly thereon, as contradistinguished from previous transfer sheets comprising said paper carrier, a layer tof a special material spread over said carrier to l provide a coat of measureable thickness, and

a pattern'or design printed on said layer'.

The present invention .diilz'ersfroml that. disclosed in my co-pending application Serial No. 560,245, since the latter relates to the transfer of dyesv or dye-including inks; although after the transfer of'the dye or dyeincluding material, dry-stripping of the paper carrier is possible. The present invention 'further'diifer's'from my said co-pending -so'applicatiom sincethe latter employs'a trans- Vtion` showing the elements of Figs. 2an`d 3 fer sheet including a layqer of special material between the paper darrier and the applied matter to be transferred,-said special material proposed by my said co-pending application, however, being non-water-soluble'55 material, whereas the special material of the art prior thereto has been water-soluble material, such as gum arabic, starch or the-like. rl`he purpose of said layer of said special material is to support the applied ink or dye, and at the same time protectthe same against absorption by the paper carrier. According to the present invention, "such absorption is revented, or avoided to other than a negligible extent, yet no special coating of the 65 paper carrier is required. A

The invention thus provides a simplified and highlyveconom'ical transfer method for the decoration or marking of a selected base mfaterial successful results having been had even with such a brous base material as leather. l The invention will be more clearly understood from the following description, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, which: Fig. 1 is a fragmentary elevation showing a portion of the paper cahrier, and indicating a treatment thereof preparatory to the addition of yprinting thereto to form the new transfer sheet;

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the completed, transfer sheet;

Fig. y3 is a similar view showing a base I material', and indicating a treatment thereof 85 preparatory to the transfer step;

-Eig. 4 isfa fragmentary perspective view partially broken away and partially in secstacked in preparation for subjection to heat ang pressure to perform the transfer step; an

Fig. 5 shows the stack of Fig. 3 in a press adapted to apply thetheat andp-ressure.

It will beA understood that these graphic showings are illustrative only, and are given to meet the requirement that they invention bethus graphically illustrated. It is also pointed out that these views are wholly dialo.

grammatic, with 'certain thicknesses exag- ,vents, one or more oils, fats or pwaxes, and

phenol. Various formul have 'in practice beenfound satisfactory.- A recommended formula is the following 'loluol 6 gallons Kerosene oil V2 gallons Neats foot oil 2gallons Phenol 7 pounds Another `formula giving goodresults is the following lEthylene dichloride 5% gallons Carbon tetrachloride )lf/ 1 gallons Petroleum jelly ld pounds lPhenol.v 7 pounds After the paper is impregnated, the vola-r tile solvents should be completely or substantially completely evaporated; it being consistency of an oil varnish printing-ink i by the addition of such a solventas benzyl a cohol or ethylene glycol monomethyl ether. Such ink may be conveniently made up of the following Another very satisfactory ink for use in connection with the invention is made up of the following Y Pounds Color pigment Blown castor oil 5 'Cumarone resin 1/2 Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether 11/2 lln inakin the ink, thoroughV grinding is `im ortant i not essential.

Aest-results are obtained when the printing is so executed that neither too much nor too little ink is supplied. The feeding of then ink should I'he so regulated that the solids of thedesign will have a good ink coverage, but 'there should not be supplied surplus beyond lcllmended that the impregnated Pa-Pel' bev-this to such an extent that smearing of the allowed to season for from one to several days. The phenol left in the paper is for the purpose of acting later, at the time ofV heat and pressure transfer, as a dissolvingl or softening agent for the pigmented ink laid down on the paper at the time the paper is printed to form the new transfer sheet. rllhe oily orv greasy material remaining in the paper after the evaporation'of the volatile solvents -restrains such ink against other than minute absorption by or penetration into the paper. e Y

The paper selected is preferably #fairly smooth to accept good clean printing; `bpt such aper is not necessarily heavily sized or calenered or otherwise specially inishedf Referring to Fig. 2 more in detail, the printing may be executed `with ordinary printing equipment and by any of the usual printing methods; for instance, lithography,

typography orlrotogravure may be success-v fully employed. However, in order to secureA best results, the printing inks used should be somewhatdilierent from those of customary composition. @rdinary printing inks include oil varnish, which will dry within a relatively short time, forming a considerable bond l with the bers of the paper; and consequentlyt-hese inks are not of maximum eciency' 1n carrying out the present invention. lluste'ad there is recommended an ink having a` richlypigmented content; preferably so rich as to give a sti' paste were not some slow evaporating solvent incorporated.

According to the invention, the ink isthu richly pigmented, and yet is brought. down to the proper consistency, that is,

half-tones of the design will occur.

' After the paper is printed, the solvent content of the ink slowly evaprates, allowing the remainder of the ink to set but without drying completely frhm the top surface of Athe printing down' tothe paper. The ink remains thus onlypartially dry apparently lightly slipping friction such as might occur in ordinary transport and handling. ln other words, said richly pigmented ink residue remains somewhat soft, yet has a certain toughness and pliability,I or self-sustaining quality; which result is obtained by the addition of a proper amount of resinous material, such, for instance, as specified in the ink form'ulae given.

Referring to Fig. 3 more in detail, the base material is desirably, if not essentially, treated in such manner as to carry an ink-transfer accelerator at the time of heat and pressure transfer. While the phenol residue in the ...paper is activated by the heat of the transfer step to soften the ink, the accelerator acts to intensify such softening. Thus the accelerator acts in conjunction with the phenol resi-v due in the paper, thereby to hasten transfer of the ink to the base material. The accelerallG tor, further, acts as a binder tohold the transthe usual ferred ink on the base material-'yet without (as shownin Fig.4)

It is recommended, however, that such spe- ,x

cial ink be employed in every ease; since always in transfer work the very finest possible results, and as uniform results as possible, are desirable.

If the transfer is to be made to a plain base material, or one not previously lacquered, said ink-transfer accelerator may comprise,

l have found, a solution of phenol in a volatile solvent or solvents. The base material is sprayed or otherwisecoated with such solution, and while such coating is still moist, the

printed face .of the transfer sheet is laid side of the base'l material and the heat and pressure transfer efected.` Thus, at the time of heat and pressure transfer, the phenol and its still unevaporated solvents on the base material, are appliedto and`squeezed under pressure and in the presence of heat (as by the press shown in Fig'. 5) against the printing of the transfer ,sheet and against the paper carrier,-this carrier having, as aforesaid, not only a phenol content, but alsoa residue of against the coated oily or greasy matter. A recommended for-' mula for said solution is the following:

Toluol 'I 61/2 gallons lienzyl alcohol 21/2 gallons Phenol' 7 pounds Another formula for said solution giving good results is the following Ethylene dichloride v6 gallons Carbon tetrachloride Qgallons i Benzol 2 gallons Phenol `7 pounds If the transfer is to be made to a base material previously coated with a pigmented 0r clear lacquer (for instance, nitrocellulose lacquer), the ink transfer accelerator to be carrie'dby the base material may be provided by modifying said lacquer. Excellent results in this. connection are obtainedwhen a surplus acts, when, as is preferred, the lacquercoat ing is dried before the transfer; the surplus oil in this case being liberated as soon as the lacquer coating becomes thermoplasticized:

The liberated oil acts, in conjunction with the phenol residue in the paper, as an ink-transfer accelerator pursuant to Lthe invention. T hat is to say, this liberated oil acts to intensify the softening action ofthe phenol in the paper carrier on the ink of the latter, in the presence of the heat of the transfer; so that, here also, a perfect transfer is effected.

Further, in the case of a lacquered base material, the surplus oil in such lacquer serves another useful purpose as will now be eX- plained. Many ordinary commercial lacquers, when used as a base coating for a base material, have a tendency, as the result of a heat and pressure transfer, to stick to the paper carrier ofrthe transfer sheet and thereby make removal of the latter diliicult if notimpossible. I have found that when an ordinary commercial lacquer has a. surplus oil content pursuant to the invention, this sticking trouble i's completely overcome.

A recommended formula for the new lacquer is Jthe following Butyl acetate 6 gallons Toluol 31/2 gallons Camphor` 8 ounces Soluble cotton ounces Castor oil 1 gallon Another satisfactory lacquer formula is the following Ethyl acetate 4% gallons Tricresyl phosphate 1/2 gallon Referring to Fig. 4 more in detail, the selected hase material is shown as having its coating uppermost, and the transfer sheetis shown as inverted relative to Fig. 2, so that its printing islaid down against said coating.

Referring to Fig. 5 more in detail, the stacked elements of Fig. 4 are placed in a suitable'pre'ss, as one hydraulically operated;I the required heat being supplied in any suitableway, preferably by heating' the platen,'as indicated in Fig. 5. results are obtained vwhen the heat and"pres sure are applied for about from' five to ten seconds; the applied temperature is about 200 F. and the pressure is about 100 lbs. per square inch.

On removal of the stack from the press,` the paperfsjheet may be immediately stripped off bymanual pull without the use of water or solvents, easily, and without blurring or smudging the transferred printing. Then the base material may be finished in any desired way, as by applying a-,coating of lacquer or the like, thereby to set the transferred ink.

' What is claimed is:

lwA transfer sheet comprising a paper iso naoaear sheet carrying phenol and an oleaginons material, and a marking printed thereon.

2. A transfer sheet comprising a paper Y sheet carrying phenol and an oleaginous mal5. terial, and a marking printed thereon in non-setting i. p

3. 'lhe method of marking a selected hase material hy transfer, which involves printing a marking on a paper sheet containing l@ an oleaginous material, applying a coating includingphenol to said base material, and eecting the transfer of said marking to said base material by heatvand pressure.

Ll. The method of marking a selected hase l5. material by transfer, which involves printing a mar ring on a paper sheet containing phenol, applying a coating including an oleaginous substance to said hase material, v and e'ecting the. transferv of said marking l to said base material hy heat and pressure. 5. rllhe method of marking a selected hase material by transfer, which involves printing a marking on a paper sheet containing phenol and an oleaginous substance, applying a^-coating including phenol to said lease )materiaL and eecting the transfer of said marking to said lease materiallhy heat and'y pressure.

6. ylChe `method of marking a selected lease 3@-inaterial 'by transfer, which involves printing'a marking-on a'paper sheet containing phenol and an oleaginous substance, applying a coating including phenol and a solvent 1to said base material, nd eecting a transfer of said marking to said hase material by heat and pressure While said coating-is still 'moist 7. A. transfer sheetcomprising a `paper sheet having phenol and an oleaginous magll-terial thereln, and a marking printed directly on said paper sheet in richly pigmented ink containing a slow evaporating solvent v y l 8.l The method of preparing a transfer sheet which involvesimpregnating a paper sheet with a phenol solution'having a volatile solvent, seasoning said 'paper vsheet hy evaporation ofsaid solvent, and then printing directly on said sheet with an ink containing a slow evaporating solvgnt.

Signed at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New. York this 5th day of lilccemher A, l). i931,

narrano n. roscrmn 

